Class 10 Physics: Most Important Questions for CBSE 2025 Board Exams

Introduction

Physics in Class 10 is one of the most significant parts of the CBSE curriculum. The subject becomes much easier to understand and even enjoyable when you connect theories with real-life experiences, such as the working of household electricity, the appearance of rainbows, or the color of the sky. Physics contributes a major portion to the Science exam and can raise your overall grade if prepared carefully. For the 2025 board exams, focusing on the important questions in Class 10 Physics will not only strengthen your board preparation but also lay the foundation for higher studies and exams like NEET, JEE, or Olympiads.

Many students often feel nervous about numerical problems or get stuck on topics like electricity, light, and magnetism because of the calculations involved. However, with consistent practice, step-by-step learning, and a strong revision plan, these topics become manageable. When you recognize that the same principles operate in everyday life, Physics can turn into one of your scoring subjects.

This guide covers:

The most important Physics questions for CBSE 2025
A chapter-wise breakdown of questions with examples
Extra questions based on sample paper trends
Real-life examples to stay motivated
Revision tips and common mistakes to avoid
Strategies to make learning more effective

CBSE 2025 Physics Exam Pattern

Theory Paper: 80 marks (Physics contributes about 27–30 marks)
Internal Assessment: 20 marks (practicals, projects, and activities)
Question Types: MCQs, case-based, assertion-reasoning, short answers, long answers, and numerical problems

Key Point: CBSE papers are increasingly competency-based. This means that you must understand the concept behind a formula rather than memorizing it. Expect case-study questions, application-based problems, and assertion-reasoning questions.

Chapter-Wise Important Questions

Chapter 1: Electricity

State Ohm’s Law and illustrate with a diagram. Explain its importance in household circuits.
A wire of resistance R is stretched to double its length. Show how the resistance changes using the relation R = ρL/A.
Two resistors of 5 Ω and 10 Ω are connected in series to a 6 V battery. Calculate the equivalent resistance, total current, and voltage drop across each resistor.
Two resistors of 6 Ω and 12 Ω are connected in parallel. Find the total resistance and the current when connected to a 12 V battery.
An electric bulb is rated 60 W at 220 V. Calculate its resistance and the current drawn.
Calculate the energy consumed by a 100 W bulb in 12 hours. Express the answer in kilowatt-hour.
What are the roles of fuses and MCBs in domestic circuits? How do they prevent hazards?
A current of 0.5 A flows through a conductor of resistance 10 Ω. Find the potential difference across its ends.
Explain the difference between series and parallel connections with one everyday example each.
Why is household wiring always done in parallel, not in series?

Chapter 2: Light – Reflection and Refraction

Draw a ray diagram showing the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is at the Centre of curvature.
Draw a ray diagram for refraction of light through a rectangular glass slab. Label the incident ray, emergent ray, and lateral displacement.
State Snell’s law of refraction and explain with an example of light passing from air to glass.
The refractive index of water is 1.33. Calculate the speed of light in water. (c = 3 × 10^8 m/s)
An object 5 cm tall is placed 20 cm away from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Calculate the image position, magnification, and nature of the image.
Why do stars twinkle but planets do not? Explain clearly.
State two uses each of concave mirrors, convex mirrors, and convex lenses.
A ray of light falls normally on a glass slab. Predict the angle of refraction and emergence. Justify your answer.
Why does a pencil appear bent when placed in water? Explain using refraction.
Define the power of a lens. Derive the relation with focal length and express in dioptre.

Chapter 3: The Human Eye and the Colorful World

Draw and label a neat diagram of the human eye, showing cornea, lens, pupil, iris, retina, and optic nerve.
State the role of the iris and pupil in controlling light entering the eye.
Name the defect in which distant objects are blurred but near objects are clear. State its cause and correction.
Name the defect in which near objects are blurred but distant objects are clear. State its cause and correction.
What is presbyopia? State its causes and how it can be corrected.
What is accommodation of the eye? Explain the role of ciliary muscles.
Why does the sky appear blue on a clear day? Explain using scattering of light.
Why does the sun appear red at sunrise and sunset? Give the reason.
What is dispersion of light? Explain with the formation of a rainbow.
Why are danger signals red? Explain using the concept of scattering.

Chapter 4: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

State the right-hand thumb rule to find the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor. Draw a simple diagram.
Draw the magnetic field lines of a circular coil carrying current. Compare the field inside and outside the coil.
State Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule and give one real-life application.
What factors determine the strength of the magnetic field inside a solenoid?
Compare the magnetic field pattern of a solenoid with that of a bar magnet.
Why are magnetic field lines always drawn as closed curves?
A compass needle is placed near a current-carrying wire. Explain what happens and why.
Mention two ways to increase the strength of the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying coil.
State how the magnetic field varies with distance from a straight current-carrying conductor. Write the relation.

Real-Life Examples

Neha Sharma, a Class 10 student from Delhi, struggled with numericals but practiced one NCERT exemplar question daily. She built confidence and topped her school.
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, the “Missile Man of India,” always emphasized strong basics in Physics as the key to innovation. His journey inspires lakhs of students.
Anita Verma, a student from Uttar Pradesh, prepared ray diagrams daily. Her marks improved from 60% in pre-boards to 88% in the boards.

Quick Revision Tips

Study NCERT thoroughly – All exam questions are based on NCERT.
Maintain a formula notebook – Include formulas, units, and one solved example for each.
Solve numericals daily – Practice 5–10 problems from different chapters.
Draw neat diagrams – Marks are awarded for accuracy and labeling.
Attempt sample papers – Solve at least 5–10 full papers for practice.
Revise in short sessions – Study in 30–40 minute blocks with breaks.
Teach concepts to peers – Explaining helps retain concepts.
Focus on competency-based questions – Practice assertion-reasoning and case studies.
Avoid common mistakes – Do not forget SI units, diagram arrows, or stepwise solutions.

Keywords for Students

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Competency-based Physics questions
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Conclusion

Preparing for Class 10 Physics CBSE 2025 becomes easier with a clear plan. Focus on concept clarity, daily practice, and consistent revision. Physics is not only about equations but also about understanding everyday phenomena—why bulbs glow, why the sky is blue, or how glasses correct vision.

Stay disciplined, practice diagrams, and revise formulas regularly. With determination and the right strategy, you can excel in the board exams and build confidence for higher classes. Remember: combining smart work with hard work always leads to success.

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